What is a common method for controlling the intensity of a laser beam?

Using optical filters or attenuators is a common and effective method for controlling the intensity of a laser beam. Optical filters can be used to selectively allow certain wavelengths of light to pass while absorbing or reflecting others, thereby reducing the intensity of the laser beam that reaches a target or an observer. Attenuators work similarly, allowing for precise adjustment of the intensity by splitting the laser light or using materials that gradually reduce the beam's strength.

This method is particularly important in applications where controlling exposure to the laser is crucial for safety or precision, such as in medical, industrial, or research settings. Properly using these tools helps ensure that laser operations remain within safe limits and that the desired intensity for the application is achieved without unnecessary risk.

In contrast, adjusting the beam's wavelength typically does not directly alter its intensity, as the energy per photon changes but the overall power output remains constant. Changing the power supply voltage may affect laser performance, but it doesn't provide a controlled way to reduce intensity on-demand. Similarly, increasing the distance from the target may reduce the intensity perceived at that distance due to the spread of the beam, but this is often an unreliable and uncontrolled method compared to direct modulation with filters or attenuators.