Which gas laser has a wavelength of 633 nm?

The HeNe (Helium-Neon) laser is known for emitting light at a wavelength of 633 nm, which falls within the red region of the visible spectrum. This characteristic makes it a popular choice in various applications, including laboratory use, alignment devices, and laser pointers. The specific wavelength of 633 nm results from the transition of electrons in the neon atoms that are energized in the presence of helium, which helps facilitate the laser process.

Understanding the operation of other gas lasers helps clarify why they do not produce this specific wavelength. For instance, the Argon (Ar) laser emits a variety of wavelengths, primarily in the blue-green range. The CO2 (carbon dioxide) laser typically emits wavelengths around 10.6 micrometers, which is in the infrared region, and is widely used for cutting and engraving. The Xenon (Xe) laser also operates at different wavelengths, primarily in the ultraviolet and visible ranges that do not include 633 nm.

In summary, the unique wavelength of 633 nm emitted by the HeNe laser is attributable to its specific gas composition and operation, distinguishing it from other gas lasers.